CAUSATIVE

 

Kalimat causative menggunakan causative verb yang artinya kata kerja penyebab ( verbs that cause something) atau yang menyebabkan. Berikut ini beberapa contoh kalimat yang menggunakan pola causative verb.

1. Thomas wants to have his car washed now ( Thomas menginginkan motornya dicuci  sekarang)
2. Nindy would like to have her hair shortened ( Nindy menghendaki rambutnya dipendekkan

 Ada beberapa kata kerja yang dikelompokkan kedalam causative verbs ini antara lain


a.    Have : meminta, menyuruh, menghendaki
b.    Make : meminta, membuat, menyebabkan
c.    Let : mengijinkan, memperbolehkan
d.    Help : membantu
e.    Get: menghendaki menyuruh



1.    Causative have : : meminta, menyuruh, menghendaki
A.    Contoh

1. 1. My parents always have me get up early in the morning. ( bermakna aktif )
       Orang tuaku senantiasa menghendaki aku bangun pagi- pagi
2. 2. Nindy usually has her newspaper sent to her house, but yesterday she had it sent to her office (bermakna pasif ).Nindy biasanya menghendaki surat kabarnya dikirim kerumah, akan tetapi kemarin ia menghendaki surat kabarnya dikirim ke kantor.
3. Saphira and Sania plan to have thie new dresses made according to the current models. ( bermakna pasif ) Saphira and Sania menghendaki pakaian barunya dibuat sesuai model yang baru
4. Please, don’t have me cry again. ( bermakna aktif ) Aku mohon agar tidak membuatku menangis lagi.
5. I want to have my heart entertained. ( Bermakna pasif ) Aku ingin hati ini dihibur.

  B. Conclution ( kesimpulan )

1. Jika bermkna aktif , causative “ have “ diikuti kata kerja bentuk pertama.
2. Jika bermakna pasif, “ have “ diikuti kata kerja bentuk ketiga (verb 3)
3. Penggunaan has/have disesuaikan dengan subject kalimat.

         Subject tunggal ( present ) has
         Subject jamak ( present ) have
         Subject tunggal/jamak ( past) had

2.    Causative make : meminta, membuat, menyebabkan
A.    Contoh

1.  Dhane, your smile makes me think a thousand times to leave you.
2.  Crawford can really make her boyfriend knee down
3.  During the exam, Mr. Boy made students finish the test within 60 minutes only
4. The moderator of the siminarcould made all the participants concentrate their minds on the        matter very well.
5.  Sweetheart, I will make you stand by me and stay with me

B.    Conclution ( kesimpulan )

      a.    Causative “ make” hanya dapat dipergunakan dalam kalimat yang bermakna aktif saja!
      b.    Kata kerja setelah “ make “ adalah kata kerja bentuk pertama

3.    Causative let : mengijinkan, memperbolehkan
A.    Contoh

1.  Her parents let sonali take the bus to school
2.  Does your mother let you eat out at KFC?
3.  Surely, I will no let you stay home alone
4.  Please, let the mechanic check the engine
5.  Dan, don’t let your boyfriend wait for you without an end!

B.    Conlution ( kesimpulan )

       a.    Causative “ let “ hanya dapat di pergunakan dalam kalimat yang bermakna aktif saja!
       b.    Kata kerja setelah “ let “ adalah kata kerja bentuk pertama
4.    Causative help : membantu
A.    Contoh

1. Please help me do this homework. I can’t understand how to do it
2. Could you help me find a new boarding house to stay?
3. Danny will be very glad if you can help her get some gifts from the store

B.    Conclution ( kesimpulan )
     a.    Causative “ help “ hanya dapat dipergunakan dalam kalimat yang bermakna aktif saja!
     b.    Kata kerja setelah “ help “ adalah kata kerja bentuk pertama.

5.    Causative get : menghendaki menyuruh.
A.    Contoh

1. Pamella wants to get her motorcycle checked and fixed. Because it has been broken more than a week. (Bermakna pasif)
2. Pamella menginginkan sepeda motornya diperiksa dan diperbaiki.
3. Tamara usually gets her montly magazine delivered to her house, but last month , she got it delivered to her office . ( bermakna pasif) tamara biasanya menghendaki majalah bulanannya dikirim kerumah, akan tetapi bulan yang lalu, dia menghendaki majalah tersebut dikirim kekantornya.
4. Rosallia usually gets her mother to fry some eggs for her. ( bermakna aktif ) Rosallia biasanya meminta ibunya untuk menggorengkan beberapa telur untuknya
5. Did you get Mr. Boy to drive you home last night? ( bermakana aktif ) . apakah dirimu meminta Mr. Boy untuk mengantarmu pulang tadi malam?

B.    Conclution (kesimpulan)
       A.    Causative “get” bermakna aktif jika diikuti to + verb I
       B.    Causative “ get” berwarna pasif  jika diikuti kata kerja bentuk ketiga
       C.    Penggunaan get, gets, atau disesuaikan dengan subject kalimat.

        Subjek tunggal ( present) gets
        Subjek jamak (present) get
        Subjek tungga/ jamak (past)

name: dwi apriliani nim: A320120127

REPORTED SPEECH

Reported Speech is a sentence that is used to report what someone else said to put it in words that made ​​their own.

Example:

1.      Question:

Ø    She says she liked meatball.

Ø    He says he had bought a car.

Ø    Julie said that she come to the party.

Ø    I said I was going to bed early.

Ø    He told me that he loved living in solo.

Ø    They told John they would arrived at six.

Ø    She said she could speak perfect English.

Ø    Marry  said she would come later.

Ø    He said he might be late.

Ø    She said she must study at the weekend

Ø     

2.    Yes/ no question:

v   "Is John at home?"

She asked me if John was at home.

v   "Is it cold outside?"

She asked me if it was cold outside.

v   "Are they in Paris?"

She asked me if they were in Paris.

v   "Is the bus stop near the shopping centre?"

She asked me if the bus stop was near the shopping centre.

v   "Is the milk fresh?"

She asked me if the milk was fresh.

v   "Are you a doctor?"

She asked me if I was a doctor

v   "Are James and Lucy from France?"

She asked me if James and Lucy were from France

v   "Is my brother in the garden?"

She asked me if her brother was in the garden

v   "Does Julie drink tea?"

She asked me if Julie drank tea.

v   "Do you like chocolate?"

She asked me if I liked chocolate

3.    Question word:

ü    "Where is the post office?"

She asked me where the post office was.

ü    "Why is Julie sad?"

She asked me why Julie was sad.

ü    "What's for dinner?"

She asked me what was for dinner.

ü    "Who is the woman in the red dress?"

She asked me who the woman in the red dress was.

ü    "How is your grandmother?"

She asked me how my grandmother was.

ü    "When is the party?"

She asked me when the party was.

ü    "Where are the glasses?"

She asked me where the glasses were.

ü    "Where do you usually go swimming?"

She asked me where I usually went swimming.

ü    "Where do your parents live?"

She asked me where my parents lived.

ü    "Where does John work?"

She asked me where John worked.

4.   Imperative:

§        They asked him “Dont disturb us”

They asked him not to disturb them

§       Teacher said ”Dont be lazy”

Teacher said not to be lazy

§       He told me “Dont go thee alone”

He told me not to go there alone

§       She told him “Dont wait for me”

She told him  not to wait for her

§       She told me “dont touch my notebook”

She told me not to touch her notebook

§       The teacher said to students “Be quite”

The teacher said to students to be quite

§       Mother asked John “Pay attention to what I say”  

Mother asked John to pay attention to what she says.

§       He asked her “Speak loudly”

He asked her to speak loudly

§       She said “Wait until I come”

She said to wait until she comes

§       She asked her “Back it tomorrow”

She asked her to back it tomorrow